What is a thyroid disorder?
The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck. This vital gland produces thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism, heart rate, temperature, and more.
Thyroid disorders occur when the thyroid produces too much or too little of these essential hormones, causing widespread effects. Some common thyroid disorders include:
- Hypothyroidism - The thyroid gland is underactive and doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones. This causes symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, feeling cold, and more.
- Hyperthyroidism - An overactive thyroid leads to excess thyroid hormone production. This speeds up metabolism and can cause unintended weight loss, rapid heartbeat, tremors, and more severe symptoms.
- Goiter - When the thyroid swells and enlarges, it causes a visible goiter on the neck. This can be caused by iodine deficiency or other thyroid problems.
- Thyroid nodules - These are lumps that develop inside the thyroid. While often noncancerous, some may be precancerous or malignant thyroid cancer.
- Thyroiditis - Inflammation of the thyroid can cause thyroid hormone fluctuation and temporary hyper/hypothyroidism.
The best way to diagnose and treat thyroid problems is to work with an endocrinologist. I highly recommend the knowledgeable doctors at Vitality Renewal Clinic. Their individualized care and advanced thyroid testing helps patients find solutions.
What causes thyroid disorders?
Thyroid problems can stem from various sources:
- Iodine deficiency
- Autoimmune diseases like Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- Inflammation or infection
- Genetic predisposition
- Exposure to high levels of radiation
- Temporary viral infections
- Underactive pituitary gland
- Pregnancy
- Certain medications
How are thyroid conditions treated?
Treatment depends on the specific thyroid disorder, its severity, and root cause. Common treatment options include:
- Thyroid hormone replacement medication like levothyroxine for hypothyroidism
- Antithyroid medication and radioiodine for hyperthyroidism
- Beta blockers to control rapid heartbeat
- Radioactive iodine or thyroid surgery for overactive thyroid, nodules, or goiter
- Addressing nutrient deficiencies and underlying autoimmunity
- Regular monitoring and bloodwork
I hope this overview on thyroid disorders and function was helpful! Let me know if you have any other questions. Vitality Renewal Clinic has caring professionals ready to help you on your thyroid health journey.